PCB Technical - The pcba processing process in the pcba processing plant

Today I will introduce the PCBA processing process to everyone: First, the characteristics of the PCBA processing supply chain. The supply chain of the PCBA electronic assembly industry usually includes four levels of companies. The top companies are the most downstream companies in the supply chain. They directly face the end customers. Other enterprises at all levels are the suppliers of the upper-level enterprises.

The PCBA processing process: First of all, the characteristics of the PCBA processing supply chain. The supply chain of the PCBA electronic assembly industry usually includes four levels of enterprises. The top enterprises are the most downstream enterprises in the supply chain. They directly face the end customers, while other enterprises at all levels They are all suppliers of higher-level enterprises.

Top companies have the ultimate sales channels, product branding, design capabilities, and certain production capabilities. In the current globalization, many top companies sell their products to all parts of the world instead of confined to a certain region. In addition, these top companies are also distributed all over the world. The second-tier companies are ODM or PCBA contract labor and materials companies.

They participate in product design and complete product assembly. Second-tier companies may also have their own brands on certain types of products. Sometimes there will be a certain competitive relationship with top-tier companies. Third-tier companies provide product parts or components for the manufacturing of second-tier companies, and fourth-tier companies are generally the suppliers of third-tier companies, which forms an intricate supply and purchase. relation.

Next is products. Except for some top companies that are only responsible for design and sales, companies at all levels involved in manufacturing have a large number of products, and the number of products increases as the level of the company in the supply chain decreases. A four-level company may have thousands of products. The complexity of products generally increases with the level of the company in the supply chain. The products are gradually developing towards customization, and the higher the level of the company’s products, The higher the degree of customization, this also led to the decline of the unit variety of batches.

The third is planning. The production plans of most companies are based on customer orders (BTO). Therefore, related procurement plans and material preparation plans are made around customer orders. Due to the variety of products, the formulation of the production plan is very complicated, the frequency of customer orders changes and the deviations often occur in the implementation of the production plan, resulting in the situation that even if the smt patch processing production plan is formulated, the production cannot be completely according to the plan. . Similarly, capacity requirement planning and material requirement planning are difficult to develop and execute.

The fourth is the production process. There are many production tasks and it is very difficult to control the production process. There is a lot of production data, and the data collection, maintenance and retrieval workload is heavy. The production line has various forms, which can be assembly line type, work center type, work unit type, and hybrid type (referring to the use of assembly lines or work units inside the work center). It may exist at different stages in the manufacturing process of the same product of the same enterprise For the above four forms, there will be a need for outsourcing (outsourcing) in the product manufacturing process. Due to the existence of self-made semi-finished products and external products, the manufacturing speed of finished products depends on the manufacturing speed of self-made semi-finished products and external products. Due to the variety of products and many non-standard products, equipment and workers must be flexible enough to adapt. Factors such as materials, people, equipment, and tools are frequently involved in the product manufacturing process. These factors will directly affect the quality of the product, and it is difficult for companies to control these factors at present.

The fifth is PCBA cost calculation. Raw materials, semi-finished products, finished products, and waste products are frequently stored in and out of the warehouse. Cost calculations are complicated. Cost collection and allocation are required for cost objects and along with the production process. In the PCBA manufacturing process, most of the costs other than the direct materials are amortized, which is difficult to achieve the purpose of controlling the manufacturing cost of the product. Pay attention to the difference between actual cost and standard cost and cost analysis from different angles.