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With the advancement of technology, there are more convenient choices for health management and medical services. This is the case with wearable devices that have emerged in recent years. "Wearable device" or "wearable technology" refers to electronic computing devices that can be worn comfortably on the body or integrated into clothing and accessories, which has had a huge impact on the medical and health industry. The editor of the battery circuit board factory learned that smart rings, bracelets, necklaces, shirts... all kinds of wearable devices have sprung up, and their performance continues to improve. These products can monitor the vital signs of users in real time, and feed back information to the back-end site, where the back-end performs data analysis and provides assistance for chronic disease management.
Relevant data show that there are as many as 300 million people with various chronic diseases in my country, including diabetes, congestive heart failure, hypertension, etc., with long illnesses and high demand for services, which occupy a large amount of medical resources. In terms of chronic disease management, wearable health monitoring equipment can overcome the time and space limitations of patient management and perform real-time tracking and management of patients. Based on the monitoring data, the wearable device can automatically warn, remind patients with health risks to see a doctor in time, avoid the occurrence of serious complications, and can effectively reduce the cost of patients and the time spent on seeing a doctor, and reduce the burden of disease. More importantly, wearable devices help patients improve their awareness and compliance with health science. Long-term monitoring of the condition of chronic disease patients through wearable devices can provide continuous, long-term, detailed and accurate data for chronic disease diagnosis and treatment, improve the efficiency of chronic disease management and prevention, and reduce the harm and treatment costs of chronic diseases to a large extent.
The dynamic monitoring and quantitative standards of wearable devices enable individuals to have a convenient and accurate grasp of their own health and exercise ability, which is conducive to self-health management. The HDI circuit board factory learned that some companies have developed sticky heart monitor devices that can be attached to the wearer's chest to detect multiple indicators such as heart rate, body temperature, and exercise parameters. Based on these data, the wearer can scientifically correct the wrong exercise posture, adjust the amount of exercise and exercise intensity. In addition, excessive exercise may lead to sudden exercise-related death. With the popularity of wearable devices, more and more junior athletes and sports enthusiasts have consciously worn heart rate monitoring devices in large-scale marathons to avoid arrhythmia and cardiac muscle. Prevention of sudden death due to conditions such as ischemia and heart failure.
At present, wearable devices have gradually penetrated into many medical fields to improve the quality of medical services. On the one hand, the wearable device overcomes the one-sidedness of traditional medical testing and sampling, and can collect patient monitoring information in real time and continuously; on the other hand, it also expands the monitoring content, including steps, heart rate, exercise, brain waves, blood oxygen and sleep Wait. These objective data records are often more accurate than the self-feelings or memories that patients describe to doctors, and provide important information for better evaluation of patients' status and support for clinical decision-making. Especially for the postoperative rehabilitation of some major operations, such as heart surgery, knee replacement surgery, etc., wearable devices can provide more timely data feedback, so as to assist doctors in faster planning and intervention. During the new crown pneumonia epidemic, some companies have developed wearable devices for remote and real-time tracking of suspected patients with new crowns. Based on the monitoring of body temperature, blood oxygen saturation and breathing pattern, it is judged whether the patient has completed the isolation period and is asymptomatic, has worsened symptoms, or improved symptoms, And automatically notify the medical staff.
For the elderly, children, pregnant women and other special groups, wearable devices can also provide safety monitoring services. For example, some companies have developed related wearable devices that can monitor and track fetal heart rate data and send it to the smartphone APP in real time. Some companies have developed home health monitoring products specifically for fetuses, infants, and disabled elderly people. On the one hand, these devices collect and transmit various physiological parameters of pregnant women to ensure the safety of the pregnant women; on the other hand, they monitor the physiological parameters of the fetus and promote the realization of eugenics.
Although wearable devices have huge application prospects, there are still some problems that need to be solved to better play its role.
At present, most of the basic data of wearable device algorithms come from Western ethnic databases established by developed countries, such as MIT-BIH. However, there are differences in the vital physical characteristics data of people of different races, ages, and genders. For example, a heart rate of 100 is too fast for adults, but normal for young children. At present, there are hundreds of types of physical sign data that can be monitored by various wearable devices, but most of them do not have a basic physical sign database for Chinese people. Such databases have certain attributes of public goods, and it is urgent to take measures to build open source and standard databases.
As data protection laws and regulations are not yet complete, wearable devices have privacy risks in data collection and use. Many wearable device data collection types, methods, purposes, and deadlines have not been notified to users and their consent has been obtained. Some illegal businesses even sell sensitive data for profit. At the institutional level, a full-process data protection specification should be established to protect the privacy of personal information and promote the safe flow of personal information. The PCB circuit board editor found that in the data collection stage, it is necessary to protect the individual's right to know and consent, and to inform the individual in detail which health data will be collected, and the individual has the right to decide whether or not to agree to the collection of health information. In the data utilization stage, the scope of utilization should be clarified. In principle, personal health data can only be used for the original purpose of collection, and not for other purposes; re-authorization is required to change the use, and the supervisor can review the data utilization. In the data storage stage, the security protection system should be improved, important data stored locally, and a leak notification system should be established. Once a leak occurs, the data subject should be notified in time and remedy measures should be taken. In the data destruction stage, the personal data storage period should be clarified, and personal data beyond the storage period should be destroyed regardless of whether it has been used or not. In particular, there should be a stricter data protection system for special groups such as the disabled, the elderly, infants and young children.
In addition, wearable devices need to achieve all-weather, long-term, high-precision monitoring, and need to meet the requirements of human factors engineering, and adhere to human skin for a long time without causing discomfort. Otherwise, people are unwilling to wear it for a long time. Many studies have found that after people use smart bracelets for a period of time, the probability of abandoning them is high. More optimistically, with the continuous breakthrough of flexible material technology, such as the flexible screen that is popular in the market, the comfort of wearable devices in the future will continue to improve.
