PCB Blog - What are the factors that affect the price change of circuit board PCB board processing

Printed Circuit boards processing is an OEM customer's OEM product. The products customized by different customers are different, and there are few shared products. On the other hand, for quality considerations, some customers may also specify Use a certain manufacturer's substrate, or ink, etc., to meet its quality and cost control requirements, so there are variable prices for PCB board processing.

The price of PCB board is composed of the following factors:

1. The diversity of prices caused by different materials used in PCB boards
Taking ordinary double-sided boards as an example, the sheet materials generally include FR-4, CEM-3, etc., the thickness of the board varies from 0.6mm to 3.0mm, and the thickness of copper varies from 1Oz to 3Oz. All these are caused by the sheet material. Huge price difference; In terms of solder resist ink, there is also a certain price difference between ordinary thermosetting oil and photosensitive green oil, so the difference in materials has caused the diversity of prices.

2. The difference in the production process used by the PCB board results in the diversity of prices
Different production processes result in different costs. For example, gold-plated plates and tin-sprayed plates, gong (milling) plates and beer (punching) plates for making shapes, and the use of silk-screen lines and dry film lines will result in different costs, resulting in price diversity.

3. The price diversity caused by the difficulty of the PCB itself
Even if the material is the same and the process is the same, the difficulty of the PCB itself will cause different costs. For example, there are 1000 holes on both circuit boards, and the hole diameter of one board is greater than 0.6mm and the hole diameter of the other board is less than 0.6mm, which will result in different drilling costs; for example, the two circuit boards are the same, but the line width and line spacing are the same. Different, one is larger than 0.2mm, and the other is smaller than 0.2mm, which will also cause different production costs. Because the difficult board has a higher scrap rate, the cost will inevitably increase, resulting in the diversity of prices.

4. Different customer requirements will also cause different prices
The level of customer requirements will directly affect the yield of the board factory. For example, a board according to IPC-A-600E, class1 requires a 98% pass rate, but according to class3 requirements, it may only have a 90% pass rate, resulting in different costs for the board factory., resulting in the variability of product prices.

5. The price diversity caused by different PCB board manufacturers
Even for the same product, due to the different process equipment and technical level of different manufacturers, different costs will be formed. Nowadays, many manufacturers like to produce gold-plated sheets because the process is simple and the cost is low. However, there are also some manufacturers who produce gold-plated sheets. The cost is increased, so they prefer to produce tin-sprayed boards, so their price of tin-sprayed boards is lower than that of gold-plated boards.

6. Price differences caused by different payment methods
At present, PCB board manufacturers generally adjust the price of PCB boards according to different payment methods, ranging from 5% to 10%, which also causes price differences.

7. Different regions cause price diversity
At present, in terms of geographical location in China, from south to north, the price is increasing, and there are certain differences in prices in different regions. Therefore, different regions also cause the diversity of prices. How to calculate the quotation of PCB boards.
1)Plate cost (different plate costs are different)
2)Drilling cost (the number of holes and the size of the aperture affect the drilling cost)
3) Process cost (different process requirements of the board lead to different process difficulties, and even different prices)
4)Artificial water, electricity and management costs (this cost depends on the cost control of each factory, relatively speaking, Taiwan-funded factories are low in many countries) The basic composition is these, as for the price of raw materials, it is basically stable now, rising The price is unlikely.

8. As far as the plate is concerned, the main factors affecting the price are as follows:
1) Plate material: FR-4, CEM-3, which are our common double-sided and multi-layer plates, and their price is also related to the thickness of the plate and the thickness of copper and platinum in the middle of the plate, while FR-I, CEM-1 these It is the material of single-sided board that we commonly use, and the price of this material is also very different from that of the double-sided and multi-layer boards above.
2)It is the thickness of the plate, and its thickness is commonly: 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.5, 1.6, 2.0, 2.4, 3.0, 3.4, and the thickness of our conventional plates is not much different in price.
3)The thickness of copper and platinum will affect the price. The thickness of copper and platinum is generally divided into: 18 (2/1OZ), 35 (1 OZ), 70 (2OZ), 105 (3OZ), 140 (4OZ), etc.
4)The suppliers of raw materials are common and commonly used: Shengyi \ Kingboard \ International and other process costs.

9. PCB board circuit board production of other factors.
1) It depends on the lines on the PCB board. If the line density is thinner (below 4/4mm), the price will be calculated separately.
2)There is also a BGA on the board, so the cost will be relatively increased, and in some places, the BGA will be calculated separately.
3) It depends on what kind of surface treatment technology it is. Our common ones are: lead-tin spraying (hot air leveling), OSP (environmental protection board), spraying pure tin, tin, silver, gold, etc. Of course, the surface technology is different. Prices will also vary.
4)It also depends on the process standard; what we usually use is: IPC2 level, but some customers have higher requirements, (such as Japanese capital) we commonly include: IPC2, IPC3, enterprise standard, military standard, etc. Of course, the higher the standard, the price will be higher.

The cost calculation of the PCB board industry is the most special and complex in all industries. From cutting, pressing, forming, to FQC, packaging, and finishing storage, it needs to be based on the material costs, labor costs, and manufacturing costs invested in each process. Step-by-step accounting is carried out, and then the cost is accumulated in batches according to the order product number. And different types of products, the standard rate of its process will be different. For some products such as blind buried hole board, immersion gold board, pressed copper base board, due to the particularity of the process or all materials, it is required to adopt some special calculation methods. Similarly, the size of the drill bit used in the drilling process will also affect the cost of the product, which directly affects the calculation and evaluation of WIP cost and scrap cost.

Each PCB board sold in the PCB board industry is customized by customers. Therefore, the quotation of the PCB board needs to be costed first. At the same time, it is also necessary to refer to the computer automatic imposition calculation of the PCB board.