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For batteries, when the signal propagates along the transmission line, the continuous 0.06 inch transmission line segment is charged every 0.01 nanoseconds. When a constant current is obtained from the power supply, the transmission line looks like an impedance, and its impedance value is constant, which can be called the "surge impedance" of the transmission line.
Similarly, when the signal propagates along the line, before the next step, within 0.01 nanoseconds, which current can increase the voltage of this step to 1 volt? This involves the concept of instantaneous impedance.
From the perspective of the battery, if the signal propagates along the transmission line at a stable speed, and the transmission line has the same cross-section, the same amount of charge is required for each step in 0.01 nanoseconds to generate the same signal voltage.
When going along this line, it will produce the same instantaneous impedance, which is regarded as a characteristic of the transmission line and is called the characteristic impedance. If the characteristic impedance of the signal at each step of the transmission process is the same, then the transmission line can be regarded as a controllable impedance transmission line.
Instantaneous impedance or characteristic impedance is very important to the quality of signal transmission. During the transfer process, if the impedance of the next step is equal to the impedance of the previous step, the work can proceed smoothly, but if the impedance changes, some problems will occur.
In order to achieve the best signal quality, the design goal of the internal connection is to keep the impedance as stable as possible during the signal transmission process. First, the characteristic impedance of the transmission line must be kept stable. Therefore, the production of controllable impedance boards becomes more and more important. In addition, other methods such as the shortest remaining wire length, end removal and whole wire use are also used to maintain the stability of the instantaneous impedance in signal transmission.
The above is the introduction of circuit impedance in PCB design. Ipcb is also provided to PCB manufacturers and PCB manufacturing technology
