PCB News - How to troubleshoot circuit board?

The production of the PCB board is not difficult, the difficulty lies in the troubleshooting after the production is completed.So,how to troubleshoot circuit board?

Common PCB circuit board failures are mainly concentrated on components,such as capacitors, resistors, inductors, diodes,triodes,field effect tubes,etc.The integrated chips and crystal oscillators are obviously damaged.The more intuitive way to judge the failure of these components can be observed by eyes.There are obvious burn marks on the surface of the electronic components that are obviously damaged. Such failures can be solved by directly replacing the problematic components with new ones.

Of course, not all electronic component damage can be observed with the naked eye.Professional inspection tools need to be used for maintenance. Commonly used inspections include: multimeters, capacitor meters, etc. When it is detected that the voltage or current of a certain electronic component is not within the normal range, it indicates that there is a problem with the component or the previous component, directly replace it and check to see if it is normal.

Sometimes when we give the components on the PCB board,we will encounter the problem that the detection fails, but the circuit board does not work normally. In this case, in many cases, the performance of the components may be unstable due to the coordinated work of the components during the installation process. In this case, you can try to judge the possible range of the fault based on the current and voltage, and minimize the fault area as much as possible. The only way is to try to replace the suspicious component until the problem component is found.

The above are all problems with electronic components. Since the PCB circuit board is the foothold of the components, the circuit board failure must also exist. For example, due to the production process of the tin-plated part, there may be disconnection problems during the PCB corrosion process. In this case, if you can't make up the wire, you can only use a thin copper wire flying wire to solve it.

How to troubleshoot circuit board?

1.Visual inspection method

By directly observing the outward appearance of electrical faults to quickly and accurately locate the point of failure. For example, check whether there is any spark discharge, abnormal sound, smoke release, etc. in the electrical equipment; check whether the fuse is broken and whether the wire colour is abnormal. The visual inspection method can help to determine the general location of the fault and its potential causes.

2.Component replacement method

When a component or assembly is suspected to be faulty, the component replacement method can be used to verify. Will be suspected of having problems with the components or components replaced with new, the same specifications of the components or components, if the replacement circuit to return to normal operation, it can be confirmed that the original components or components have faults.

3.Branching method

In the circuit, if more than one branch in parallel or series, once one of the branch failure, the operation of the entire circuit will be affected. At this point, you can use the sub-circuit investigation method, one by one to disconnect the branch, each time after the disconnection to observe whether the circuit is back to normal. Once you find the fault branch, and then further investigation of the branch within the component or component.

4.Reference and Comparison Method

By comparing and analysing the faulty circuit with the normal circuit, in order to determine the specific location of the fault. Compare the voltage, current, resistance and other parameters of the two circuits to reveal the cause of the fault.

5.Parameter Adjustment Method

For certain circuits with adjustable parameters, the cause of the fault can be explored through parameter adjustment. For example, for the need to adjust the parameters of resistors, capacitors and other components of the circuit, you can adjust the parameters of these components to observe the circuit's operating state changes, and then find out where the fault lies.

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In short, in the process of troubleshooting PCB board failures, we must focus on finding and solving problems effectively.