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In the field of modern satellites, the attitude control of satellites is mostly realized by the flywheel and magnetic torque converter. However, conventional flywheels with large volume, high quality, and small size have gradually abandoned this attitude control mode and adopted a pure magnetic control mode. This method is simple and reliable in controlling the satellite attitude and is particularly suitable for satellites operating in low orbits with less weakening of the Earth's magnetic field.
On the other hand, the attitude control system of modern satellites needs to meet the requirements of high efficiency and reliability, so the magnetic torque must be simple in structure, light in weight, long in working time and high in reliability.
The magnetorquer is one of the executive components of satellite attitude control. By controlling the current connected to the magnetic torque converter, the magnitude and direction of the magnetic torque generated by the magnetorquer can be controlled. During the orbit operation, the magnetorquer interacts with the geomagnetic field to generate the required control torque and implement attitude control, including the damping of the initial rotation of the star after orbit entry, the unloading of the momentum wheel, and the precession control and nutation damping in the three-axis direction.
Magnetorquer is widely used in attitude control of low, medium, high and orbit satellites. The main function of the magnetorquer in the process of satellite attitude control is to unload the redundant angular momentum of the satellite and avoid the saturation of the pillars of the momentum exchange device; The magnetic torque converter can also be directly used for satellite attitude control on some micro satellites without pillar exchange devices. In addition, magnetorquer have played a significant role in rescuing runaway satellites. In order to improve the reliability and survival rate of the applied satellite control system, the magnetic torque attitude control mode is often used as a backup or safety mode.
PCB magnetorquer can be organically integrated with satellites, with the advantages of small size, light weight, high hardness, and easy installation, greatly increasing the structure and modularization of satellites.
Manufacturing method of PCB magnetorquer device
1: Obtain the number of coil layers and coil parameters for each layer that need to be made on the PCB board, including the width of each line in the coil, the number of coils wound, and the spacing between the lines.
2: Based on the obtained number of coil layers and coil parameters, create a coil on the PCB board to complete the installation of the magnetorquer.
Application of circuit boards in satellites
When designing PCBs for space applications, the reliability of PCBs becomes very important. Dynamic flexible circuits can withstand greater pressure than rigid PCBs. Flexible circuit boards can replace connectors that are more likely to cause interconnect failures. Most connections in flexible circuit boards are made through substrates. Due to the harsh conditions that satellites are subjected to, flexible circuit boards can withstand. The design of flexible circuit boards allows them to be bent thousands of times during operation. This will enable flexible PCBs to operate under adverse conditions.
Operating electronic systems in space is very challenging. Designers will need universal electronic components to overcome these obstacles. Flexible circuit boards are more adaptable than any other type of PCB because they enable designers to achieve strange shapes. Flexible circuits can form complex three-dimensional shapes with branching to multiple connectors, and can be easily installed on the surface they are installed on.
Flexible circuits have a thin copper layer and insulation layer. Therefore, the bending radius of flexible circuit boards can be minimized as needed to adapt to narrower spaces.
With the development of technology, the application of cubesat magnetorquer PCB is becoming more and more widespread, and it plays an important role in high-density modular magnetorquer for micro and nano satellites, used for flywheel unloading and achieving satellite attitude magnetic control.
