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PCB basic knowledge

What is a printed circuit board?

■ Printed Circuit Board (PCB: Printed Circuit Board) In addition to fixing various components, the main function of the PCB is to provide the connection circuit between the various components.

■The circuit board itself is made of insulating and inflexible material. The small circuit material that can be seen on the surface is copper foil.

■ Before being processed, the copper foil is covered on the entire circuit board, and part of it is etched away during the PCB manufacturing process, and the remaining part becomes a small net-like circuit. Because of this processing and production process, most of the contours for etching are formed by printing, so the printed circuit board was named.

■These lines are called conductor patterns or wiring, and are used to provide circuit connections for components on the PCB.

Conductor Pattern in PCB

Installation of components on PCB

■ In order to fix the components on PC B, their pins need to be soldered directly on the wiring.

_On the most basic PCB (single panel), the components are concentrated on one side, and the wires are concentrated on the other side. In this way, it is necessary to make holes in the board so that the pins can pass through the board to the other side, so the pins of the components are soldered on the other side. Because the front and back sides of the PCB are called Component Side and Solder Side respectively.

■For some components that need to be plugged and unplugged frequently, such as the CPU on the motherboard, you need to give users the option of adjusting and upgrading by themselves, so you can’t directly solder the CPU on the motherboard.

At this time, you need to use Socket:

■The socket is directly soldered on the circuit board, but the components can be disassembled and assembled at will. For example, the Socket socket below allows components (here refers to the CPU) to be easily inserted into the socket or removed. The fixing rod next to the socket can be used to fix the component after you insert it.

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