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The development of the 5G PCB industry chain
The PCB board industry chain is relatively long. Special inks, fiberglass yarns, epoxy resins, fiberglass cloth, copper foil, resin sheets, copper clad laminates, printed circuit boards, and electronic equipment assembly are closely linked in the industrial chain. Downstream products.
After years of exploration, my country's special ink industry has basically mastered the key formulas of various special ink products, and has made major breakthroughs and innovations in some areas, so that the quality of domestic special inks has gradually approached and reached the same level as foreign-funded enterprises. In the future, with the transfer of PCB production capacity to China, domestic special ink companies are expected to accelerate the realization of import substitution by relying on the advantages of local rapid response and cost advantages.
PCB ink is one of the key raw materials for PCB production, and its demand is directly affected by the scale of the PCB industry and its development. From the overall situation, PCB ink accounts for an average of about 3% of PCB output value. Therefore, as the scale of PCB production value expands, the market scale of PCB inks will maintain a certain proportion of the same direction changes.
The special ink industry has professional attributes such as strong professionalism and high technical threshold, and the industry concentration is high. For a long time, foreign manufacturers represented by Japan's Sun Ink Group have formed a controlling position in my country's special ink industry by virtue of their capital, technology and management advantages.
The requirements for electronic fabrics used in PCBs are relatively high. The main manufacturers are located in European and American companies, but their production capacity has been shifting to the Asia-Pacific.
Different PCBs have different requirements for resins. Generally speaking, single/double panels, multilayer boards and HDI mainly use phenolic resin and epoxy resin, while the high-speed/high-frequency board required for 5G development mainly uses PTFE In recent years, the halogen-free CCL, which is popular in recent years, uses environmentally friendly non-bromine-based resins.
The former suppliers of phenolic resins and epoxy resins are mainly in the mainland and Taiwan, while giant factories in the United States and Japan monopolize the supply of high-end specialty resins such as BT and PPE.
Fiberglass cloth is used as a reinforcing material in copper clad laminates to increase strength and insulation; epoxy resin is widely used in the manufacture of copper clad laminates, anti-corrosion coatings, and plastic molding compounds due to its better mechanical properties, electrical properties and bonding properties. The labor cost of manufacturing is relatively high, about 40% of the total cost.
The cost of 5G PCB is mainly composed of material cost and labor manufacturing cost. Copper foil, glass fiber and resin constitute the main material cost of copper clad laminates, which account for 39%, 18%, and 18% of copper foil cost, respectively. Glass fiber cloth is made by calcining raw materials such as silica sand in a kiln into a liquid state, then drawing glass fiber filaments through alloy nozzles and twisting them to make glass fiber yarn, and finally using glass fiber yarn to spin.
Fiberglass cloth is used as a reinforcing material in copper clad laminates to increase strength and insulation; epoxy resin is widely used in the manufacture of copper clad laminates, anti-corrosion coatings, and plastic molding compounds due to its better mechanical properties, electrical properties and bonding properties. The labor cost of manufacturing is relatively high, about 40% of the total cost.
On the whole, PCB is greatly affected by copper prices, so prices show a certain cyclical nature.
The output value of downstream circuit boards continues to grow, and China's growth rate is leading the world. From the perspective of application areas, the downstream application markets of its industry mainly include communication equipment, consumer electronics, automotive electronics, and national defense and military industries.
5G PCB is mainly used in communication boards, consumer electronics boards, computer boards, automotive electronics boards, military/aerospace boards, industrial control boards, and medical boards.
